There Is No Better Friend Than a Blog: 23th December Part II

There are two main types of numbers:

· Cardinal Numbers - 1 (one), 2 (two) etc. (Used mainly for counting)

· Ordinal Numbers - 1st (first), 2nd (second) etc. (Used mainly for putting things in a sequence)

Cardinal Numbers

Cardinal numbers are normally used when you:

count things: I have two brothers. There are thirty-one days in January.
give your age: I am thirty-three years old. My sister is twenty-seven years old.
give your telephone number: Our phone number is two-six-three, three-eight-four-seven. (481-2240)
give years: She was born in nineteen seventy-five (1975). America was discovered in fourteen ninety-two

Notice how we divide the year into two parts. This is the form for year up to 1999. For the year 2000 and on, we say two thousand (2000), two thousand and one (2001), two thousand and two (2002) etc.

* Instead of saying One Hundred, you can say A hundred.

e.g. (127) one hundred and twenty-seven OR (127) a hundred and twenty-seven.

The same rule applies for one thousand (a thousand) and one million (a million)

Notice that you need to use a hyphen (-) when you write the numbers between 21 and 99.

Ordinal Numbers

You can normally create Ordinal numbers by adding -TH to the end of a Cardinal Number.

Ordinal numbers are normally used when you:

give a date: My birthday is on the 27th of January. (Twenty-seventh of January)
put things in a sequence or order: Liverpool came second in the football league last year.
give the floor of a building: His office is on the tenth floor.
have birthdays: He had a huge party for his twenty-first birthday.

*1st - first

2nd - second

3rd - third

EXERCISES

1. Following the ordinal rule, write the following cardinal numbers in the ordinal form:

4: 9: 15: 20:

5: 10: 16: 21:

6: 11: 17: 22:

7: 12: 18: 23:

8: 14: 19: 24:

2. Write the years:

1979:

1832:

2011:

1991:

2007:

D. EVERYDAY VOCABULARY

1. Translate:

Get dressed: Take a shower:

Play the piano: Play:

Go to school: Do homework:

Eat breakfast: Wash face:

Brush teeth: Go to bed:

2. Tell me which activities you usually or never do:

And now, tell me which activities your brother usually or never does:

E. PRESENT CONTINUOUS

http://www.englishtenses.com/tenses/present_continuous

USES

1. El presente continuo se utiliza para hablar sobre algo que está pasando en el momento en el que hablamos.

I’m studying now. (Estoy estudiando ahora.)

He’s eating at the moment. (Está comiendo en este momento.)

Is it raining? (¿Está lloviendo?)

2. También lo usamos para hablar de algo que está sucediendo en la actualidad pero no necesariamente cuando hablamos. En este caso, se utilizan expresiones de tiempo como “currently”, “lately” o “these days”.

They’re learning English. (Están aprendiendo inglés.)

She’s currently looking for a job. (Actualmente está buscando un trabajo.)

Are you working much lately? (¿Estás trabajando mucho últimamente?)

3. Usamos el presente continuo para hablar de algo que está ya decidido que se hará en el futuro próximo. Su uso indica que es bastante seguro que lo planificado sucederá.

I’m going to the party tonight. (Voy a la fiesta esta noche.)

He’s not [He isn’t] coming to class tomorrow. (No viene a la clase manaña.)

Are you working next week? (¿Trabajas la semana que viene?)

Nota: Hay unos verbos que no solemos usar en los tiempos continuos. Puedes consultar la lección sobre los tiempos continuos para una lista de los verbos y una explicación completa.

be (ser/estar),  want (querer),  need (necesitar),
know (saber/conocer),  prefer (preferir),  remember (recordar),
understand (comprender),  care (cuidar),  see (ver),  hear (oír), smell (oler),  believe (creer),  belong (pertenecer),
cost (costar),  seem (parecer),  exist (existir),  own (poseer),
like (gustar),  dislike (desagradar),  love (amar),  hate (odiar),
fear (temer),  envy (envidiar),  mind (importar)…

David needs a new car. (David necesita un coche nuevo.)

~~David is needing a new car.~~

FORM

Para formar el presente continuo se utiliza el verbo auxiliar “to be” y el gerundio (infinitivo + “-ing”) del verbo.

Affirmative Sentences = Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + gerundio.

- I’m talking. (Estoy hablando.)

Negative Sentences = Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to be) + auxiliar negativo (not) + gerundio.

- I’m not talking. (No estoy hablando)

Interrogative Sentences = Verbo auxiliar (to be) + sujeto + gerundio?

- Are you talking? (¿Estás hablando?)

A continuación tenemos la lista de los verbos que no podemos usar en los tiempos continuos. La lista se encuentra clasificada en grupos según el tipo. En general, son verbos estáticos y no de actividad (dinámicos). Algunos de estos verbos pueden tener dos significados, uno de acción y otro estático. Si hay más de un significado para un mismo verbo, encontrarás el significado que no podemos usar en los tiempos continuos con la traducción al español.

1. Los verbos de sentido:

Feel – hear – smell – taste

Involuntaria:	Voluntaria
I (can) see you. (Te veo.)	I am seeing you later, right? (¿Te veré luego, no?)

2. Verbos emotivos:

Believe – dislike – doubt – know – prefer

- You’re lying. I don’t believe you! (Mientes. ¡No te creo!)

3. Verbos de estado o verbos abstractos:

Be – cost – seem – need

- I am ill. (Estoy enfermo.)

Nota: Normalmente, “to be” es un verbo estático pero podemos usarlo también para hablar del comportamiento. Entonces, si lo usamos para referirnos a la conducta de alguien, podemos usar el tiempo continuo.

- You are silly. (Significa que “eres tonto.”)

- You are being silly. (Significa que “ahora te estás portando como un tonto.”)

4. Verbos de posesión:

Belong – have – possess

- That belongs to me! (¡Eso pertenece a mí!)

Nota: Cuando usamos “to have” para referirnos a algo que poseemos (una cosa, una cantidad, etc.), no podemos usarlo en el tiempo continuo. Pero si es parte de una expresión, podemos usarlo en el continuo.

- I am having dinner right now. (Estoy cenando ahora misma.)

5. Verbos de comunicación:

Agree – impress – please – promise – surprise

- I disagree, I think it’s a great idea. (No estoy de acuerdo, creo que es una gran idea.)

6. EXERCISES

Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below using Present Simple or Present Continuous.

1. Every Monday, Sally (drive)  her kids to football practice.

2. Usually, I (work)  as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I (study)  French at a language school in Paris. That is why I am in Paris.

3. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep) .

4. Don't forget to take your umbrella. It (rain) .

5. I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always) .

6. I'm sorry I can't hear what you (say)  because everybody (talk)  so loudly.

7. Justin (write, currently)  a book about his adventures in Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished.

8. Jim: Do you want to come over for dinner tonight?
Denise: Oh, I'm sorry, I can't. I (go)  to a movie tonight with some friends.

9. The business cards (be, normally)  printed by a company in New York. Their prices (be)  inexpensive, yet the quality of their work is quite good.

10. This delicious chocolate (be)  made by a small chocolatier in Zurich, Switzerland.

Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form
of the verbs in brackets. Use contractions where possible.

1. She (run) because she's late for her lesson.

2. Our teacher always (give) us lots of homework.

3. We (not want) to go to the concert.

4. What time (you / meet) Pete tomorrow?

5. I (not work) today. I'm on holiday.

6. People (speak) English in Jamaica.

7. Archie (not use) his computer at the moment.

8. (Tony / live) near the park?

Write a short presentation about including:

- Your name

- Age

- Information about where you live

- Information about your family

- Studies

There Is No Better Friend Than a Blog

jueves, 31 de diciembre de 2015

23th December Part II

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